ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbroke in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbroke in Guangzhou, China in 2003 were caused by highly pathogenic coronaviruses with high homology. Since the 2019 novel coronavirus is highly contagious and spreads rapidly. It has caused negative social effects and massive economic loss globaly. Currently there is no vaccine or effective drugs. Pulmonary fibrosis is a pulmonary disease with progressive fibrosis, which is the main factor leading to pulmonary dysfunction and declined quality of life in SARS survivors after recovery. Extensive epidemiological, viral immunological and current clinical evidences support the possibility that pulmonary fibrosis may be one of the major complications in COVID-19 patients. At present there is no report on the mechanism by which COVID-19 induces pulmonary fibrosis.With the existing theoretical basis, this article focuses on discussing the possible mechanism of COVID-19 sustained lung damaging, the key role of abnormal immune mechanism in the initiation and promotion of pulmonary fibrosis, and the corresponding therapeutic measures.
Subject(s)
Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Pulmonary Fibrosis , COVID-19 , China , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pulmonary Fibrosis/etiology , Pulmonary Fibrosis/therapy , Quality of Life , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has seriously affected the safety of patients and social stability. Some COVID-19 patients in the later stage of disease may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome or even multiple organ failure. However, one of the most important mechanisms underlying the deterioration of disease is cytokine storm. At present, some therapies such as interleukin-6 antibody blocker, stem cell therapy, and transfusion of convalescent plasma have been applied to counteract the cytokine storm with some progresses being achieved. This article reviews the influences of cytokine storm syndrome on the COVID-19 and the corresponding immunotherapies to resist cytokine storm.